Abstract
The Minle Mn ores occur at the base of the Early Sinian Minle Formation black shales, on the southeast limb of the Motianling anticline. These rhodochrosite ores are rich in organic carbon and fossil algae and formed in a bay or lagoon on a paleo-continental margin with adjacent island barriers. The salinity of water in the depositional basin was probably brackish. The partly restricted ocean basin was characterized by low-oxygen bottom waters and pore-water pH values ranging from 9 to 11 and neutral to negative Eh values, which produced alkaline and reducing conditions suitable for precipitation of MnCO 3. Growth of blue algae played a role in concentrating metals, especially Mn, changing the sedimentary environment (photosynthesis prior to deposition and degradation of organic matter during diagenesis), and enhancing the deposition of MnCO 3 during diagenesis. The Mn was mainly derived from the continent, with some portion supplied from submarine volcanic activity and supracrustal deep-seated hydrothermal fluids.
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