Abstract
We have studied the electrocaloric response of the archetypal antiferroelectric $\mathrm{PbZr}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ as a function of voltage and temperature in the vicinity of its antiferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition. Large electrocaloric effects of opposite signs, ranging from an electrocooling of \ensuremath{-}3.5 K to an electroheating of $+5.5\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$, were directly measured with an infrared camera. We show by calorimetric and electromechanical measurements that the large negative electrocaloric effect comes from an endothermic antiferroelectric-ferroelectric switching, in contrast to dipole destabilization of the antiparallel lattice, previously proposed as an explanation for the negative electrocaloric effect of antiferroelectrics.
Highlights
The electrocaloric effect (ECE) is the reversible temperature change ( T ) of a material when a voltage step is applied or removed adiabatically [1]
We have studied the electrocaloric response of the archetypal antiferroelectric PbZrO3 as a function of voltage and temperature in the vicinity of its antiferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition
We show by calorimetric and electromechanical measurements that the large negative electrocaloric effect comes from an endothermic antiferroelectric-ferroelectric switching, in contrast to dipole destabilization of the antiparallel lattice, previously proposed as an explanation for the negative electrocaloric effect of antiferroelectrics
Summary
The electrocaloric effect (ECE) is the reversible temperature change ( T ) of a material when a voltage step is applied or removed adiabatically [1] It was first theorized in 1878 by Thomson [2] as the inverse of the pyroelectric effect, but it took 50 years until the ECE was first observed in ferroelectric Rochelle salt [3], and it was first quantitatively measured even later, by Hautzenlaub in 1943 [4]. Initially it did not attract much attention because of the low-temperature increments achieved, a large EC temperature change was calculated in 2006 for ferroelectric thin films [5], prompting a surge of interest in this effect. The scalability of the electrocaloric effect comes from the fact that the large electric fields required to produce large temperature changes can be achieved with modest voltages in thin films, thanks to their reduced thickness and increased breakdown strength [5]
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