Origin of Crude Oil in the Wilcox Trend of Louisiana and Mississippi: Evidence of Long-Range Migration: ABSTRACT

Abstract

ABSTRACT Geochemical characterization of crude oils from Wilcox reservoirs in central Louisiana and southwest Mississippi suggests that they represent a single crude oil family that is distinct when compared to crude oils in deeper Tuscaloosa and Smackover reservoirs. This observation is consistent with geologic constraints that suggest an origin of crude oil from within the Wilcox Group itself. Although shales of the shallow Wilcox Group in central Louisiana and southwest Mississippi contain gas-prone kerogen and are thermally immature, a more oil-prone source facies is present in marine shales of the deep Wilcox Group in southcentral Louisiana. Thermal maturity measurements based on pyrolysis suggest a broad area of effective Wilcox source rock in southcentral Louisiana. Migration distances from source to reservoir rocks of the downdip Wilcox Trend of southcentral Louisiana appear to be relatively short. However, long-range updip migration (sometimes greater than 100 km) from deeply buried Wilcox source facies provides the best explanation for emplacement of crude oil in the shallow Wilcox Trend of central Louisiana and southwest Mississippi.