Abstract
Through letters from individuals to Indies (16th century), and according to three sociolinguistic criteria (gender, diaphasia, diastratia), I have analysed the Spanish pronominal system evolution in a variety of forms of treatment and sentence constructions, as well as considering the morph syntactic aspects (evolution of tenses) in the letters’ discourses. The results of this quantitative and qualitative analysis corroborate the evolution of different pronouns that went to America (vuestra merced, vos, vosotros and tu); the evolution depends both on socio-cultural issues and register, since context, for example, in the case of vosotros and vuestra merced, appearing on complaints and pleas. In addition, independently to the verbal pronominal system, I have explored the cause why these forms are not a single block. Thus, we see a high degree of diphthongization (-ais, -eis), which testifies the expansion of diphthongization in the 16th century Spanish. As for the forms, which are not diphthongized, its appearance is minimal and reduced to forms stressed on the third-to-last syllable, against those, which are penultimate stressed syllable forms. There is also in this period an initial phenomenon of overcorrection (vinieredeis; trajeredeis), indicating both the loss of -d- and its stigmatization. Although our corpus do not constitute a pure sample of oral language of the 16th century, these written letters may be considered similar to hearing samples.
Highlights
2 – Albitre Lamata appearance is minimal and reduced to forms stressed on the third-to-last syllable, against those, which are penultimate stressed syllable forms
Our corpus do not constitute a pure sample of oral language of the 16th century, these written letters may be considered similar to hearing samples
Los estudios lingüísticos basados en textos literarios son asimismo válidos pero, es cierto que estos textos fueron escritos por hombres cultos, de modo que aunque podamos estudiar a través de ellos estados de la lengua, resulta más difícil encontrar huellas de ciertos cambios lingüísticos, en especial en su inicio (Cano Aguilar 1996: 375)
Summary
Los estudios lingüísticos basados en textos literarios son asimismo válidos pero, es cierto que estos textos fueron escritos por hombres cultos, de modo que aunque podamos estudiar a través de ellos estados de la lengua, resulta más difícil encontrar huellas de ciertos cambios lingüísticos, en especial en su inicio (Cano Aguilar 1996: 375). 2. Si no es clérigo y no hay más que una carta del mismo remitente, no tenemos capacidad para determinar si la escribió o no. 5. Si en el mismo caso que en el anterior, con idéntica fecha, encontramos letras diferentes, observamos primero si en alguna de ellas hay una mano distinta en la letra de la carta y en la firma: si es así, entonces delega gráfica; sino es así, nos fijamos en los detalles que nos ayudan a discernir si fue un amanuense o si el remitente sabía escribir. Entre el total de estas cartas se reparten un total de 17 oficios distintos
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