Origanum majorana Attenuates Nephrotoxicity of Cisplatin Anticancer Drug through Ameliorating Oxidative Stress.

Amel M Soliman,Amany A Sayed,Shreen Desouky,Mohamed Marzouk

doi:10.3390/nu8050264

Abstract

Despite the fact that cisplatin is an important anticancer drug, its clinical utilization is limited by nephrotoxicity during long term medication. Combined cisplatin chemotherapy with plant extracts can diminish toxicity and enhance the antitumor efficacy of the drug. This study evaluated the effect of Originum majorana ethanolic extract (OMEE) on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Eighteen male rats were divided into three groups as follows: a control group, a group treated with cisplatin (3 mg/kg body weight), and a group that received both cisplatin and OMEE (500 mg/kg body weight) for 14 days. Cisplatin induced a significant increase in creatinine, urea, uric acid, blood urea nitrogen, malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide levels. However, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase levels were significantly diminished. Conversely, OMEE significantly modulated the renal and oxidative markers negatively impacted by cisplatin. OMEE significantly reduced the effects of cisplatin-induced changes in renal and oxidative markers, possibly through its free radical scavenging activity. Thus, OMEE may be combined with cisplatin to alleviate nephrotoxicity in cancer chemotherapy.

Highlights

Many anticancer drugs have teratogenic and other serious effects on biological systems prompting restricted usage [1]
The intense nephrotoxicity model was established during three days following a single injection of CDDP (3 mg/kg b.wt)
The present finding revealed the potency of O. majorana extract to inhibit the renal toxicity caused by CDDP, as Originum majorana ethanolic extract (OMEE) reduced the creatinine, urea, uric acid, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels by57.78%, ́55.39%, ́42.87%, and37.67%, respectively as compared with CDDP

Summary

Introduction

Many anticancer drugs have teratogenic and other serious effects on biological systems prompting restricted usage [1]. Cis-Diaminedichloroplatinum (II) (CDDP), typically known as cisplatin, is a heavy metal complex that is one of the most effective anti-neoplastic drugs currently available [2]. Dose-dependent and cumulative nephrotoxicity is a major side effect of CDDP, leading to a reduction in dosage over time, or ceasing its use despite its potency against a variety of tumor types [3]. 25%–35% of patients suffer from nephrotoxicity following a single dose of cisplatin [4]. The kidney is one of the most susceptible target organs for drug-associated toxicity due to its high perfusion rate and high capability for drug uptake and metabolism [5]. El-sayed et al [6]

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