Orientation Program on the Care of Children Tracheostomized in the Home Environment

Cristiane Aparecida Moran,Natalia Henrique De Almeida,Silvana Alves Pereira

doi:10.4236/wjns.2014.45046

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the study was to make a literature review on counseling and family education about the care with tracheostomy and develop a guidance booklet for parents about the cautions in handling tracheostomy tubes at home. Methods: This research is based on literature review from 1992 to 2012, realized from October of 2011 to August 2012, through the following databases: medline, lilacs, scielo and sibinet USP, with the elaboration of a guidance booklet for parents, about home care of tracheostomized children. Results: We elaborated a guidance booklet for parents, about the care of tracheostomized children and all were described according to literature review. Conclusion: According to the literature review family education in the care of tracheostomized children is essential so that caregivers have full autonomy to safely and effectively conduct the necessary techniques in their homes.

Highlights

The survival rate of newborns hospitalized in Neonatal Intensive Care Units has increased in recent years, due to professional training and advancement of mechanical ventilatory support [1] [2] and tracheostomy (TQT) is a feature that is often performed with an increase of its indication in children that are under one year old [3] [4]
The work of the multidisciplinary team in family education is essential for the prevention of complications such as accidental decannulation, [1] [3] [5] [12]-[16] obstruction of the cannula [4] [5] [16] pneumothorax [15], bronchopneumonia aspiration [7] stoma granuloma [1] [3] [16] and subcutaneous emphysema [4] [14]
The search for scientific articles was performed through medline, lilacs, scielo and sibinet USP database, with the descriptors: tracheostomy, child, newborn, child care, home care services; in Portuguese and English

Summary

Introduction

The survival rate of newborns hospitalized in Neonatal Intensive Care Units has increased in recent years, due to professional training and advancement of mechanical ventilatory support [1] [2] and tracheostomy (TQT) is a feature that is often performed with an increase of its indication in children that are under one year old [3] [4].The most common TQT indication is the prolonged tracheal intubation [4], where the permanency on mechanical ventilation may vary in average two months [5]-[7]. The survival rate of newborns hospitalized in Neonatal Intensive Care Units has increased in recent years, due to professional training and advancement of mechanical ventilatory support [1] [2] and tracheostomy (TQT) is a feature that is often performed with an increase of its indication in children that are under one year old [3] [4].

Results

Conclusion