Abstract
Two methods of comparing visual discrimination of vertical and horizontal patterns were used on a sample of 10 infants aged 7–12 weeks. With a spontaneous fixation method neither total duration of fixation nor duration of first fixation gave any evidence for discrimination based on orientation of patterns. Only the index of frequency of fixations showed a significant effect, with horizontal patterns being fixated more frequently than vertical patterns. An operant conditioning technique employing a head-turning response maintained by social reinforcement, showed discrimination between a horizontal and vertical pattern after 50 trials. Some generalization to other vertical and horizontal patterns occurred. Where orientation is the only difference between stimuli, the indices of discrimination based on visual preference are less sensitive than those based on operant training.
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