Abstract
Organophosphorus (OP) compounds include trivalent and pentavalent phosphorus; this article covers only the more common pentavalent phosphorus compounds. These chemicals are often thought of as insecticides or nerve agents whose acute toxicity arises from inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), but OP compounds are also widely used as flame retardants, fuel additives, lubricants, plasticizers, and pharmaceuticals. In addition to their acute effects, some anti-AChE OP compounds have been associated with the intermediate syndrome. Finally, OP compounds that inhibit and age neuropathy target esterase produce OP compound–induced delayed neurotoxicity, a distal degeneration of sensory and motor axons in peripheral nerves and spinal cord.
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