Abstract
The paper examines the concentrations of isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCHs), dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane and its metabolites (DDTs), α-endosulfan and endosulfan sulfate in surface sediment samples collected from the mouth of Hugli estuary in the vicinity of Sundarban mangrove environment, eastern part of India. An overall pattern of accumulation of these pesticides was in the order of: ΣHCH>endosulfan sulfate>ΣDDT>α-endosulfan. The concentration of these compounds was quite low. An elevated level of ΣHCH, ΣDDT and endosulfan sulfate were marked during premonsoon months, a period characterized by high salinity and pH values. Among the isomers and metabolites of HCH and DDT, β-HCH, pp′-DDT and pp′-DDE were found to be dominant. The sources of contamination are closely related to human activities, such as domestic and industrial discharges, agricultural chemical applications and soil erosion due to deforestation. The study is compared to other estuarine environment in India and abroad. The present data will serve as a baseline against which future anthropogenic effects may be assessed.
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