Organochlorine contaminants in the hair of Iranian pregnant women

Abstract

In the present study, the hair of pregnant women was sampled between November 2007 and January 2008 in Ahvaz and Noushahr cities and the countryside of Noushahr, Iran. They were analyzed for organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), α-, β-, and γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers and seven polychlorinated (PCBs) congeners (IUPAC Nos. 28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153 and 180). Significant differences between the concentrations of investigated pollutants were found between the locations ( p < 0.05). For HCHs, the γ-HCH isomer was measured at higher mean concentrations (6 ng g −1 hair) compared to the β-HCH isomer (0.03 ng g −1), which generally is the most prevalent HCH in biological matrices. Very high mean concentrations of p, p′-DDT in countryside of Noushahr (24 ng g −1) combined with lower values (0.6) of ratio p, p′-DDE/ p, p′-DDT in the hair samples suggest recent exposure to “fresh” DDT in this region. Significant differences in OCPs and PCBs were found between primiparous and multiparous mothers ( p < 0.05). There was no correlation between levels of OCPs and PCBs in the hair of Iranian pregnant women and their age. There was a significant difference ( p < 0.05) in the organochlorine levels, including HCHs, between mothers who have eaten fish once a week and those who consumed fish more than once per week in Noushahr.