Abstract
Abstract The legalization of abortion in 1973 was a movement victory that fueled a growing countermovement and forced pro-choice organizations to defend abortion rights in new arenas. Had the anti-abortion movement failed to make any progress in the following years, it is doubtful that the pro-choice movement could have survived; threats to abortion rights proved to be critical to keeping the movement alive. But the countermovement won its first major victory in 1976 with Congressional passage of the Hyde Amendment banning federal funding of abortions. With this first important defeat, the pro-choice movement came to a second critical juncture. Paradoxically, the anti-abortion victory on government funding of abortions, together with other threatening events in the post-Hyde period (e.g., the election of anti-abortion President Ronald Reagan), was a boon to the prochoice movement.
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