Organizational Commitment and Turnover Intention of Hotel Employees at Melawai Hotel in Jakarta

Abstract

Hotel industry was known as a company with a very high turnover intention (Boella, 2013,p.167). High employee turnover could lead to the emergence of various problems, such as shortage of employees, expenditures for recruitment fees, the cost of training new employees, inefficiency, and productivity (Uludag, 2011,p.1). Factors causing employee turnover was increasing the intention to move to another hotel. It was called turnover intention. The increasing of turnover intention was going to be affected by organizational commitment (O'Fallon, 2011,p.451). Organizational commitment consists of value commitment, effort commitment, and retention commitment (Lee, 2012,p.869-870). This study aimed to analyse the influence of organizational commitment to employee turnover intention at Melawai hotel in Jakarta. The organizational commitment included value commitment, effort commitment, and retention commitment. The research used descriptive methods, cross-sectional, data collection techniques by distributing questionnaires, and interview. Descriptive method, the research analysed the relationship between variables. Cross sectional because it’s only held in April 2015 up to April 2016. The questionnaires were distributed to 80 (eighty) employees of Melawai hotel in Jakarta. Questionnaire was divided into two parts. The first part consisted of respondent profiles. It included age, gender, status, length of work, division and job position. The second questionnaires were about organizational commitment (independent variable) and turnover intention (dependent variable). The questionnaires measured organizational commitment was found by Porter at al. (1974). It used Likert scale 4 points, the point of 1 was for strongly disagree and the point of 4 was for strongly agree. Data analysis method was validity and reliability test, descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation and simple linear regression, used SPSS 20 for windows (Santoso, 2014,p.163-380). Sampling used accidental sampling method. The employees filled in the questionnaires from the level of operational staff up to managerial level (supervisor and manager). Interview has been completed for probing information deeply. The research was in Melawai hotel. The study concluded that turnover intention was affected negatively associated by value commitment, effort commitment, and retention commitment. In other words, the organizational commitment was negatively associated with turnover intention. The study found that value commitment, effort commitment, and organizational commitment were associated with turnover intention significantly. But retention commitment wasn’t associated significantly to turnover intention. Keywords—Organizational commitment, turnover intention, employee, and hotel.