Organizational and Legal Principles of Implementation of the EU Civil Protection Mechanism in Ukraine in the Context of Guaranteeing National Security

Abstract

It was established that one of the integration vectors of Ukraine's development is the formation of the security system in general and the provision of civil protection in particular. It was found that full-scale aggression against Ukraine leads to an increase in the number of emergency situations, destruction of critical infrastructure, environmental damage, etc. Given the fact that a full-scale war is ongoing, problematic issues in the field of civil protection for our state are crystallizing, taking on larger and larger scales. It is difficult for Ukraine to respond to emergency situations on its own, so it relies on international aid mechanisms. One of them is the EU Civil Protection Mechanism. It was found that this Mechanism was founded in 2001 and includes 33 countries. Ukraine will also join this Mechanism in 2023. The mentioned Mechanism is the most significant asset of the European Union in the field of civil protection, providing for the provision of additional assistance to the affected country (at its request) during the response to natural and man-made disasters. Unfortunately, when responding to disasters caused by acts of terrorism, nuclear or radiological accidents, the Civil Protection Mechanism is not used to its full extent. It has been established that Ukraine must ensure its own development of institutional capacity, the foundation of which is the organizational and legal basis of the functioning of the public administration system. It is substantiated that the achievement of institutional capacity in the field of civil defense of Ukraine requires the implementation of a number of management measures. Among them, personnel, organizational, informational, legal and financial ones are defined. At the same time, it is insisted that the measures of personnel and organizational and legal direction are the first priority in implementation, because they require a lot of time. The application of the method of historical formalization made it possible to determine the stages of development of legal support of public administration in the field of civil protection of Ukraine. It is emphasized that the current stage of the development of legal support in this area is marked by laying the foundations for the implementation of the EU Civil Protection Mechanism in Ukraine. In this context, the Parliament of Ukraine ratified the relevant Agreement. An analysis of its provisions gives reason to assert that participation in the Mechanism involves the payment of a membership fee, which is calculated taking into account the annual indicators of the EU and the member state of the Civil Protection Mechanism. Considering this, it is insisted that for Ukraine financial support as a criterion for participation in this Mechanism may become an extremely difficult issue during implementation, which needs to be solved on a systemic basis