Abstract
Proper organization of the actin cytoskeleton is crucial for pollen tube growth. However, the precise mechanisms by which the actin cytoskeleton regulates pollen tube growth remain to be further elucidated. The functions of the actin cytoskeleton are dictated by its spatial organization and dynamics. However, early observations of the distribution of actin filaments at the pollen tube apex were quite perplexing, resulting in decades of controversial debate. Fortunately, due to improvements in fixation regimens for staining actin filaments in fixed pollen tubes, as well as the adoption of appropriate markers for visualizing actin filaments in living pollen tubes, this issue has been resolved and has given rise to the consensus view of the spatial distribution of actin filaments throughout the entire pollen tube. Importantly, recent descriptions of the dynamics of individual actin filaments in the apical region have expanded our understanding of the function of actin in regulation of pollen tube growth. Furthermore, careful documentation of the function and mode of action of several actin-binding proteins expressed in pollen have provided novel insights into the regulation of actin spatial distribution and dynamics. In the current review, we summarize our understanding of the organization, dynamics, and regulation of the actin cytoskeleton in the pollen tube.
Highlights
Pollen represents a critical stage of the plant life cycle and is essential for the production of seeds in flowering plants (McCormick, 2013)
CONCLUDING REMARKS There is no doubt that our knowledge regarding the organization, dynamics, and regulation of the actin cytoskeleton in the pollen tube has grown substantially in recent years, many issues remain to be resolved
Recent improvements in imaging technology have expanded our view of actin filament dynamics, as well as our understanding of the underlying organization of actin structures in the pollen tube
Summary
Xiaolu Qu1, Yuxiang Jiang 2 , Ming Chang 2 , Xiaonan Liu 2 , Ruihui Zhang 2 and Shanjin Huang 2 *. Oppenheimer, University of Florida, USA Alice Y. Proper organization of the actin cytoskeleton is crucial for pollen tube growth. The precise mechanisms by which the actin cytoskeleton regulates pollen tube growth remain to be further elucidated. The functions of the actin cytoskeleton are dictated by its spatial organization and dynamics. Recent descriptions of the dynamics of individual actin filaments in the apical region have expanded our understanding of the function of actin in regulation of pollen tube growth. Careful documentation of the function and mode of action of several actin-binding proteins expressed in pollen have provided novel insights into the regulation of actin spatial distribution and dynamics. We summarize our understanding of the organization, dynamics, and regulation of the actin cytoskeleton in the pollen tube
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