Abstract
The purpose of the article is to study the organizational and economic mechanism of the textile cluster development in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The article discusses development of the Kazakhstani textile cluster. The textile industry is one of the priority sectors of the industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan, designated to ensure a qualitative transformation of the country’s economy. In order to develop the industry in Kazakhstan, back in 2005 a cotton-textile cluster which unites about 50% of Kazakhstan’s textile production was organized. To support the development of textile and light industry, special programmes have been developed in Kazakhstan to support the sector and, in particular, the textile cluster. Based on analysis of problems impeding its effective functioning, authors of the article substantiated the need to introduce a new organizational and economic mechanism for cluster management. The main problem of low efficiency and slow development of the cluster consisting in weak intersectoral interaction within the cluster and in the textile industry of Kazakhstan as a whole was identified. The model of cluster’s operation, organized on the “top-down” principle of mainly by the initiative of the government, was analyzed and a new organizational and economic mechanism of cluster functioning was developed based on increased interest of cluster’s entities in joint results. This mechanism is based on the consolidation of the efforts of state and non-state actors of the cluster which will ensure the greatest effectiveness of its functioning and create a synergistic effect. The purpose of the proposed mechanism is to activate the cluster’s operations, strengthen the intra-industry and cross-industry interaction of subjects and create a single technological chain within the textile industry.
Highlights
Development of Kazakhstani cotton and textile cluster is strategically important for the country’s economy and is designed to provide conditions for positive socio-economic changes
There are three main ways to organize a cluster model [2]: 1) “top-down”, when the cluster management initiative comes from the government; 2) “bottom-up”, when the cluster initiative belongs to private companies that have decided to unite in a cluster to receive a number of advantages; 3) a “mixed model” combining both management methods
The third option of organizing a cluster is the most effective for the textile industry when textile cluster enterprises develop on their own initiative obtaining a state support
Summary
Development of Kazakhstani cotton and textile cluster is strategically important for the country’s economy and is designed to provide conditions for positive socio-economic changes. The industry has impact on the economic security of the state, makes a serious contribution to the employment of the population and forms an economic change in light industry. In this regard, the textile industry is designated as a priority sector of the economy in Kazakhstan and in 2005 a cotton-textile cluster was created to ensure its maximum efficiency as well as accelerated development. Our study [1] showed that the cluster is currently not functioning efficiently, developing quite slowly and does not achieve the main goals of its creation.
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