Organisation of B-cell receptors on the cell membrane

Abstract

B-cell receptors (BCRs) have been reported to organise into oligomeric clusters on the B-cell surface, and mutations, that are likely to interfere with such clustering, result in B-cell unresponsiveness. This has led to the suggestion that pre-formed BCR clusters may be crucial for B-cell signalling. However, neither the size nor the fraction of BCRs organised in such clusters have yet been determined in experiments. Hence, the authors use a statistical approach to predict the membrane organisation of BCRs, based on available experimental data. For physiological parameters, most BCRs will organise into supramolecular polymers that comprise about five receptors where the non-covalent interactions are mediated by the IgH transmembrane helix. A reduction in the density of IgM to 2-5% of the normal density, a characteristic of anergic MD4 B cells, strongly reduces IgM polymerisation, and it is suggested that impaired BCR clustering may be responsible for the unresponsiveness of anergic B cells.