Organic production of red wine grapes under plastic cover in subtropical region of Brazil

Renato Vasconcelos Botelho,Erasmo José Paoli Pires,Alexandre Pozzobom Pavanello,Marcelo Marques Lopes Müller,Maurilo Monteiro Terra

doi:10.1590/s1413-70542011000600020

Renato Vasconcelos Botelho, Erasmo José Paoli Pires + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542011000600020

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Abstract

A trial was carried out aiming to evaluate the development and yield of red wine grapevines under plastic cover in an organic production system in Guarapuava, the Central-Southern region of Paraná State, Brazil. The experimental design was in a randomized blocks, in a 5x2 factorial arrangement (cultivars x rootstocks), with five red wine vine cultivars (Merlot, Malbec, Carbenet Sauvignon, Ives and Early Isabella) and two rootstocks (Paulsen 1103 e VR 043-43). The grafted grapevines were planted in September of 2005 and the evaluations carried out for the three first productive cycles (2006/2007, 2007/2008, 2008/2009). The following variables were evaluated: phenological growth stages, number of clusters, average cluster weight, total yield, total soluble solids content and fresh weight of pruning material. The cultivation of wine grapevines in an organic system under plastic cover demonstrated viability, inhibiting the incidence of diseases and reducing the needs of control. The most limiting factor was the damage caused by wasps and bees that decreased cluster harvest. Despite this problem, between tested grapevine cultivars, the Early Isabella was the most productive in all years, while Malbec was also outstanding in the first cycle. VR 043-43 hybrid could be a suitable rootstock for red wine production in areas infested by 'Perola da Terra' scale insects (Eurhizococcus brasiliensis).

Highlights

Half of all grapes harvested in Brazil are destined for wine, juice and derivatives
In Paraná State viticulture is an important activity with production concentrated mostly on the northern region, attaining 102,080 tons (ANUÁRIO BRASILEIRO DE FRUTICULTURA, 2010)
The use of plastic cover represents an alternative for grape production, especiallyin warm and

Summary

Introduction

Half of all grapes harvested in Brazil are destined for wine, juice and derivatives. In 2009, the domestic production volume reached 1.345 million tons. In Paraná State viticulture is an important activity with production concentrated mostly on the northern region, attaining 102,080 tons (ANUÁRIO BRASILEIRO DE FRUTICULTURA, 2010). Conventional agriculture is characterized by monoculture, intensive soil and irrigation use and chemical control of pests and diseases; and has been responsible for notable environmental impacts. The need to increase productive sustainability and the pressure of consumers groups has forced the reevaluation of such models of conventional production (FADINI, LOUSADA, 2001). Following this concept, the use of plastic cover represents an alternative for grape production, especiallyin warm and

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