Abstract
The paper describes the syntheses of a NLO-tweezer, α,α'-bis[N-ethyl-N-(4'-stilbazolyl)-amino]-m-xylene (3), functionalized copolymers 4a [poly(2-bromoethyl methacrylate)/polystyrene], 4b [poly(2-chloroethyl methacrylate)/polystyrene], and 4c [poly(3-chloropropyl methacrylate)/polystyrene], and NLO-phore 6, 4'-(N-ethyl-N-hexylamino)stilbazole. Kinetic analyses were carried out for the cross-linking/quaternization reaction of the NLO-tweezer with copolymers 4a, 4b, and 4c. Energy of activation (E a ) values of 15.3, 18.8, and 18.4 kcal/mol, respectively, were experimentally determined. Films containing 9.1 wt % of the NLO-tweezer and NLO-phore 6 were subjected to corona poling with heating (90-120 °C) for varying lengths of time. The materials displayed improved temporal stability for the second harmonic (SH) signal with an increasing degree of quaternization, and the best temporal stability (at 80 °C) for the SH signal was observed for the side-chain NLO polymer (i.e. from NLO-phore 6), which was not cross-linked. The NLO-tweezer, which did form a cross-linked material, showed an initial rapid loss of SH signal ; however, the long term signal decay was similar to the side-chain analog.
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