Abstract
Vivianite crystallization is a promising route for phosphorus (P) recovery from P-rich wastewater. However, organic matter (OM) in wastewater may influence vivianite formation. In this study, the effects of four representative OMs, glucose, bovine serum albumin (BSA), humic acid (HA) and sodium alginate (SA), on P recovery by vivianite were investigated. The results showed that P recovery efficiency was inhibited by HA and SA, declining by 3.7% and 12.1% under HA (100 mg/L) and SA (800 mg/L), respectively. BSA, HA and SA affected the aggregated form of vivianite crystals. Vivianite particle size decreased in the presence of HA and SA. Subsequent mechanistic exploration indicated that the complexation between the OM and Fe2+ was the main cause of P recovery efficiency reduction. The coprecipitation of HA and SA with vivianite could reduce the zeta potential on the crystal surface, resulting in a smaller particle size. The nucleation sites provided by BSA and SA could transfer vivianite from single plate-like agglomerate to multilayer plate-like agglomerate. This study provided a better understanding of P recovery by vivianite from OM-rich wastewater.
Highlights
Phosphorous (P) is an indispensable biogenic element for living matter and plays a vital role in both biogenic growth and modern industry (Venkiteshwaran et al )
This indicated that glucose had almost no effect on P recovery (PR)
Previous studies have shown that humic acid (HA) and sodium alginate (SA) had a strong adsorption capacity for divalent metal ions, which could account for the decline in PR in this work (Park & Yoon ; Liu et al )
Summary
Phosphorous (P) is an indispensable biogenic element for living matter and plays a vital role in both biogenic growth and modern industry (Venkiteshwaran et al ). Rock phosphate is a limited and nonrenewable resource that might be exhausted in several decades (Cordell et al ; Hao et al ). A consensus has been reached regarding the serious shortage of P resources (Chowdhury et al ). High P emissions have caused increasing crises in aquatic environments, especially for eutrophication (Huang et al ; Park et al ). If this wasted P is recovered, it can meet ∼20% of global P demand (Yuan et al )
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