Abstract
Many authorities have reached the conclusion that using fossil fuels, as the main source of energy to satisfy the increasing global energy demand, is ultimately unsustainable. This is because of depleting resources, and also because, if this approach is followed, emissions of carbon dioxide would continue to build up. Thus, renewable energy, including biomass has been accepted as a new energy source for sustainable development in the world. In this paper, organic material components used in the biomass to store energy were analyzed. Technologies used in conversion of biomass into energy were specified. Biomass resources including woody biomass, herbaceous biomass, livestock manure, and algae were explored. For each biomass resource, the biomass structure, organic material components, technologies used in conversion of the material into energy were explained. Analyzing the organic material components for each biomass material was found indispensable in order to predict and later to optimize the biomass energy resulted.
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