Abstract
In this report we describe the speciated gas-phase hydrocarbon and carbonyl emissions as collected from a recent model automobile powered by a 2.5ℓ indirect injection diesel engine and outfitted with a production oxidation catalyst for exhaust after-treatment. The vehicle was run on a typical low sulfur (500 ppm S) European diesel fuel and measurements were made over the European MVEG test cycle. The diluted tailpipe emissions were sampled for light hydrocarbons (C 1C 12) using Tedlar bags and semi-volatile hydrocarbons (C 12C 20+) using Tenax cartridges. Both the light and semi-volatile hydrocarbon fractions were speciated using capillary gas chromatography. Combining the two sets of speciation data provided a profile of the gas-phase hydrocarbon emissions from a light duty diesel vehicle. Of the total gas phase non-methane hydrocarbons emitted, 80% were accounted for in the light hydrocarbon fraction, and 20% in the semi-volatile fraction. The semi-volatile fraction, which extended only to about C 15, was composed almost entirely of unburned fuel molecules, but with enrichment of the aromatic species relative to the fuel itself. n-Alkanes (paraffins) and methylnaphthalenes accounted for approximately 37% of the semi-volatile fraction. Aldehydes and ketones represented 34% of NMOG. Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, account for 74% of the total carbonyl emissions.
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