Organic carbonates as solvents in macrocyclic Mn(III) salen catalyzed asymmetric epoxidation of non-functionalized olefins

Abstract

Organic carbonates, e.g., dimethyl carbonate and propylene carbonate were used as reaction media in enantioselective epoxidation of non-functionalized alkenes by using a series of chiral macrocyclic Mn(III) salen complexes (5mol%) as catalyst with pyridine N-oxide as an axial base. This protocol worked effectively with urea hydrogen peroxide, as well as sodium hypochlorite as oxidants to give respective epoxides in high yields and ee (up to >91% in selected cases). Furthermore kinetic studies of the catalytic epoxidation reaction in dimethyl carbonate:methanol (optimized solvent mixture) with urea hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant showed first order dependence on catalyst and oxidant whereas it is zero order for the substrate, styrene.