Organ protection and prevention of polyorgan insufficiency during high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention by using extracorporal membrane oxygenation

Abstract

Aim. To compare the possibilities of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) and intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) to prevent organ damage and the development of multiple organ failure.Methods. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 51 patients underwent the study. The patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the method of mechanical circulatory support used: VA ECMO (n = 29) and IABP (n = 22). To assess organ functions in the intra- and postoperative period, the results of instrumental and laboratory research methods, as well as data from complex scales of organ dysfunction, were analased.Results. Myocardial depression was observed in the IABP group in the intraoperative period of high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention and worse hemodynamic stability compared to the VA ECMO group was traced. Organ dysfunction and multiorgan failure developed more often in the IABP group, which was confirmed by laboratory specific markers.Conclusion. High-risk percutaneous coronary intervention with VA ECMO is accompanied by a lower incidence and severity of organ damage and multiple organ failure. Thus, the VA ECMO has better organ protective effects.