Ordu ekolojisinde farklı klonal anaçlar üzerinde yetiştirilen elma çeşitlerinin fenolojik, morfolojik ve verim özellikleri

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the phenological, morphological traits and yield values of some standard apple cultivars grafted on M9 and MM106 clonal rootstocks in Ordu (Türkiye) ecological conditions. In this context, in regional conditions, blooming periods, harvest dates, rootstock and trunk development, yield and yield efficiency values of rootstock/cultivar combinations were examined. According to the research findings, the earliest first bloom (14/11 April) and full bloom (18/17 April) were observed in the Granny Smith/M9 combination, while the earliest harvest was realized in Mondial Gala/M9 (11 September, 29 August) and Galaxy Gala/MM106 (29 August) combinations. Also, the yield was determined between 2.49 kg tree-1 (Fuji/MM106)-8.95 kg tree-1 (Mondial Gala/M9), and yield efficiency was determined between 0.14 kg cm-2 (Fuji/MM106)-1.16 kg cm-2 (Mondial Gala/M9). In the principal component analysis results, the first component was associated with crown width, canopy volume, shoot diameter, yield, yield efficiency, and shoot length and explained 48.3% of the total variation. The second component explained 33.1% of the total variation of the obtained data and was determined to be related to crown height, rootstock diameter, and trunk diameter. As a result, it was concluded that the morphological development and phenological stages of the examined rootstock/cultivar combinations were generally suitable for the ecological conditions of Ordu province. Key Words: Blooming, Canopy volume, Malus domestica,