Abstract
Designers and academics are interested in the characteristics, differences, and similarities between built environments such as garden types. This investigation aims to examine the ordination of traditional Japanese gardens in Kyoto, the classical Chinese gardens in Suzhou and the modern Chinese gardens in Xiamen. A hundred and thirty-four variables were selected for the ordination. According to a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) ordination, the first three principal components covered 70.77 percent of the sample variance: the first principal component (traditional Asian values to non-Asian dimension) and second principal component (a complexity to simplicity dimension) divides the gardens into three identifiable groups; the first and the third principal component (a hardscape to softscape dimension) indicates the similarities of traditional Japanese gardens and classical Chinese gardens; the second and third principal component implies the similarities of traditional Japanese gardens and modern Chinese gardens.
Highlights
Understanding the differences between Chinese and Japanese gardens have been only modestly explored
According to a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) ordination, the first three principal components covered 70.77 percent of the sample variance: the first principal component and second principal component divides the gardens into three identifiable groups; the first and the third principal component indicates the similarities of traditional Japanese gardens and classical Chinese gardens; the second and third principal component implies the similarities of traditional Japanese gardens and modern Chinese gardens
Traditional Japanese gardens evolved from Chinese garden traditions
Summary
Understanding the differences between Chinese and Japanese gardens have been only modestly explored. The same was true of my colleagues in South Korea, which I have visited 3 times and have spoken at Seoul National University They knew much of their culture and very little of their neighbors, but often knew much more about design in the United States or Europe than their neighbors. I am an American academic and had opportunities to see these places with fresh eyes, and free of the cultural/social limitations that prevented them from making observations and comparisons.” stated Dr Burley. Exploring these similarities and differences would take many investigations and published articles by numerous experts. This study is one of the few that have begun to explore the relationships amongst Asian designs across nations
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