Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study is to verify whether the headless cannulated compression screw (HCCS) has higher biomechanical stability than the ordinary cannulated compression screw (OCCS) in the treatment of vertical femoral neck fractures. Materials and Methods 30 synthetic femur models were equally divided into 2 groups, with 50°, 60°, and 70° Pauwels angle of femoral neck fracture, under 3D printed guiding plates and C-arm fluoroscopic guidance. The femur molds were fixed with three parallel OCCSs as OCCS group and three parallel HCCSs as HCCS group. All specimens were tested for compressive strength and maximum load to failure with a loading rate of 2 mm/min. Results The result showed that there was no significant difference with the compressive strength in the Pauwels angle of 50° and 60°. However, we observed that the maximum load to failure with the Pauwels angle of 50°, 60°, and 70° and the compressive strength with 70° of HCCS group showed better performance than the OCCS group. Conclusion HCCS performs with better biomechanical stability than OCCS in the treatment of vertical femoral neck fracture, especially with the Pauwels angle of 70°.
Highlights
Femoral neck fracture in young adults is usually the result of polytrauma and high-energy injuries, for which accurate reduction and stable fixation are necessary [1, 2]
headless cannulated compression screw (HCCS) has been introduced for the treatment of femoral neck fractures in recent years, functions of which are via whole thread and continuous compression with proximal lateral femoral cortex to femoral head
The purpose of this study is to verify the assumption that the HCCS has better biomechanical stability
Summary
Femoral neck fracture in young adults is usually the result of polytrauma and high-energy injuries, for which accurate reduction and stable fixation are necessary [1, 2]. Comparing with other internal fixation implants, cannulated compression screws (CCSs) have been reported for their particular superiority with the treatment of femoral neck fracture, such as less damage of soft tissue, less blood loss, and being easy to operate, making them become one of the most common fixation devices [3]. Several studies have shown evidence about the relationship between the position of cannulated screw and the effect [5,6,7], and the triangular or inverted triangular configuration performed with better strength and stability of fixation [8]. Does the type of CCS have effect on the stability of femoral neck fracture? HCCS has been introduced for the treatment of femoral neck fractures in recent years, functions of which are via whole thread and continuous compression with proximal lateral femoral cortex to femoral head
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