Ordering self-assembly structures via N[sbnd]H⋯S and Br⋯S interactions in (E)-2-(4-bromobenzylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide : Insights from crystallographic and computational study

Abstract

In this research paper, the compound (E)-2-(4-bromobenzylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide (NC2) was synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic techniques and crystal structure was elucidated using single crystal X-ray diffraction method. The Hirshfeld surface analysis revealed the relative contributions of different intermolecular interactions to crystal packing, while the 2D fingerprint plots provided a visual representation of the intermolecular interactions via the surface area corresponding to each type of interaction. The findings revealed that the crystal packing of the molecule is mostly determined by H…H, C-Br…S and NH…S interactions. We investigated the structural and electronic properties of the compound NC2 using density functional theory (DFT). The optimized geometry, total energy, HOMO-LUMO gap, and vibrational spectra were calculated at the ωB97X/6–311+G(d,p) level of theory. The calculated results showed that the molecule has a stable geometry with a trans-conformation. The HOMO-LUMO gap of 3.813 eV indicates that the molecule has moderate stability. The nature of noncovalent interactions are investigated using the methods reduced density gradient (RDG) and topology analysis like quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) proposed by Bader et al. The compound NC2 is found to adhere to the Lipinski's rule of five and exhibit good pharmacokinetic properties.