Abstract
During air-assisted spraying operations in orchards, the interaction between the droplets and the target leaves has a decisive influence on the retention of the droplets on the leaves and the final deposition state. Based on the observation of the final deposition effect of the droplets in the spray test, the retention state of the droplets on the leaves is divided into three categories: uniform distribution (hereinafter referred to as uniform), accumulation, and loss. During the initial interaction between the droplets and the leaves, the adhesion or sliding state of the droplets has an important influence on the final deposition state of the droplets, which is determined by the target leaf adhesion work in this paper. Based on obtaining the characteristic parameters of the leaf surface, a theoretical model of adhesion work related to parameters such as the contact angle, rough factor, and initial tilt angle of the leaf is established. Afterward, through the connection of the droplet coverage on the macro level, the establishment of the deposition state model of the droplet group on the leaf is completed. By conducting the experiment test based on the Box-Behnken design of response surface methodology (RSM), the droplet deposition states under the influence of the spray distance, fan outlet wind speed and droplet size were studied and compared with the predicted values. The test results show that the prediction accuracies of the three states of uniform, accumulation, and loss were 87.5%, 80%, and 100%, respectively. The results of the study indicate that the established prediction model can effectively predict the deposition states of droplets on leaves and provide a reference for the selection of spray operation parameters.
Highlights
The application of pesticides is an indispensable preventative measure that helps prevent yield losses due to organisms and pests that are harmful to crops [1]
This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of the droplet and leaf interaction and the deposition states of spray droplets on leaf surfaces when the spray droplets adhere to a dynamic leaf surface
The relationships between leaf characteristics and the droplet deposition state. It can be seen from the fitting formula (Equation (3)) that the leaf adhesion work is proportional to the leaf contact angle and has a quadratic-function relationship with the leaf rough factor
Summary
The application of pesticides is an indispensable preventative measure that helps prevent yield losses due to organisms and pests that are harmful to crops [1]. The deposition, wettability, and adhesion behaviors of pesticide spray droplets on leaf surfaces are crucial in plant protection, owing to their potential effectiveness in reducing chemical wastage and environmental pollution. There are millions of droplets of pesticide spray that do not apply to the surface of the plant and enter the non-target area. Fixing most droplets on the surface of the target leaves to prevent chemical loss is a problem worthy of attention [9]. This effect is achieved using an air-assisted sprayer, in which sprays generated by a fan carry pesticide droplets to the target canopy. In the study of airborne spray technology, liquid volume ratio, target position, and airflow velocity all have effects on spray deposition and distribution uniformity
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