Abstract
In orbital-free density functional theory only a single equation, the so-called Euler equation, has to be solved for any system instead of the Kohn–Sham equations. The Euler equation is a Schrodinger-like equation for the square root of the density. This equation contains an extra potential, the so-called Pauli potential, in addition to the usual Kohn–Sham potential. Equations for the Pauli potential, the relationship of the Pauli potential and Pauli energy are reviewed. A derivation of the Euler equation via density scaling is presented.
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