Abstract
X-ray absorption spectroscopy performed on a CuFeO${}_{2}$ single crystal reveals the pivotal role of the Cu ions in the discussion of the anisotropic properties of the compound. In particular, it is shown that there is a $3d$ hole density on the nominal $3{d}^{10}$ Cu${}^{+}$ ions which may lie at the origin of the intriguing low temperature magnetic properties of CuFeO${}_{2}$. In addition, the finding has important consequences regarding the field-induced ferroelectricity of the system.
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