Abstract
PurposePatterns of orbital lymphoma at diagnosis and follow-up are described. We also discuss differential diagnosis of orbital masses.Materials and methodsThis pictorial review contains 19 cases of orbital lymphoma before and after treatment. Superior-lateral quadrant and extra-conal location were observed predominantly. Effective response after treatment was presented on follow-up imaging, although few local relapses were found. Further follow-up showed no changes of residual images.DiscussionLocation of orbital masses can help in the differential diagnosis. Moreover, imaging features of lymphoma at diagnosis can be useful in planning surgical biopsy. Pattern of follow-up described may be relevant on monitoring imaging.Teaching points• Orbital lymphoma involves mainly superior-lateral quadrant and the orbital structures inside.• Location of retrobulbar mass-like lesions are useful information in the differential diagnosis.• Satisfactory response is detected after treatment, however relapse is noted, so follow-up is needed.
Highlights
Orbital lymphoma represents a small fraction of all systemic lymphomas that account for approximately 1–2 % of nonHodgkin lymphomas
Orbital lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of malignancies, most of them are primary extranodal lymphoma of the marginal zone of mucosa associated with lymphoid tissue (MALT type lymphoma)
Spiral computed tomography (CT) using a dual-phase contrast-enhancement protocol report that lymphomas have a decrease in density on delayed images, as opposed to orbital pseudotumours, whose density increases on delayed images [8]
Summary
Orbital lymphoma represents a small fraction of all systemic lymphomas that account for approximately 1–2 % of nonHodgkin lymphomas. Orbital lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of malignancies, most of them are primary extranodal lymphoma of the marginal zone of mucosa associated with lymphoid tissue (MALT type lymphoma). These lymphomas arise in lymphoid tissue acquired in certain extranodal sites as a result of chronic inflammation or autoimmune disorders. The radiological findings found in orbital lymphoma have been previously reported in the literature. This tumour has been described as a mass with distinct margins, which shows an isointense signal on T1-weighted images and iso-hyperintense on T2-weighted images. Low values in the apparent diffusion coefficient on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been found helpful to discriminate lymphoma from other expansive orbital lesions [9]
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