Orbital and periorbital anthropometric variations and effect of age and gender on these variables

Abstract

Background: The objective of this study was to identify the orbital and periorbital anthropometric variations and determine the effects of age and gender on these variables. From January 2020 to July 2020, we conducted a hospital-based, descriptive, observational study. Material and methods: Three hundred and eighty individuals of age15 years and above were included in the study. Exophthalmometric value (EV) and outer inter-canthal distance (OICD) were measured [mm] on Hertel’s exophthalmometer. Inner inter-canthal distance (ICD), inter-pupillary distance (IPD) [mm], palpebral fissure width (PFW), palpebral fissure height (PFH), marginal reflex distance 1 (MRD1), marginal reflex distance 2 (MRD2), lid crease height (LC), pre-tarsal show (PTS) and levator function (LF) were recorded using a millimeter ruler scale. Data were analyzed using a Microsoft Excel sheet. Results: Out of 380 subjects, there were 222 females and 158 males. Mean EV was 15.86 mm, OICD — 105.57 mm, ICD — 31.7 mm, IPD — 59.55 mm, PFW — 29.7 mm, PFH — 10.04 mm, MRD1 — 4.21 mm, MRD2 — 5.87 mm, LC — 8.31 mm, PTS — 4.24 mm and LF —14.66 mm. Significant sexual dimorphism was noted in five parameters; EV, ICD, IPD, PFH and MRD2 were significantly higher in males versus females. PFH was decreased while PTS was increased in individuals of more than 40 years. Conclusion: There is a significant difference between males and females in some variables, and no difference was detected in others. Age did not significantly affect a majority of the variables.