Abstract
Background: Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) is a degenerative joint disease. The aim of this review was to present the general characteristics of orally administered nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and to present the efficacy of NSAIDs in the treatment of TMJ OA. Methods: PubMed database was analyzed with the keywords: “(temporomandibular joint) AND ((disorders) OR (osteoarthritis) AND (treatment)) AND (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug)”. After screening of 180 results, 6 studies have been included in this narrative review. Results and Conclusions: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are one of the most commonly used drugs for alleviation of pain localized in the orofacial area. The majority of articles predominantly examined and described diclofenac sodium in the treatment of pain in the course of TMJ OA. Because of the limited number of randomized studies evaluating the efficacy of NSAIDs in the treatment of TMJ OA, as well as high heterogeneity of published researches, it seems impossible to draw up unequivocal recommendations for the usage of NSAIDs in the treatment of TMJ OA. However, it is highly recommended to use the lowest effective dose of NSAIDs for the shortest possible time. Moreover, in patients with increased risk of gastrointestinal complications, supplementary gastroprotective agents should be prescribed.
Highlights
What is the efficacy of orally administered pharmaceuticals: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the treatment of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA)
NSAIDs are one of the most commonly used drugs for alleviation of pain localized in the orofacial area
Because of the limited number of randomized studies evaluating the efficacy of NSAIDs in the treatment of Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA), as well as high heterogeneity of published researches, it seems impossible to draw up unequivocal recommendations for TMJ OA treatment
Summary
OA, as well as high heterogeneity of published researches, it seems impossible to draw up unequivocal recommendations for the usage of NSAIDs in the treatment of TMJ OA. TMJ OA is a low-inflammatory arthritic disorder [3,4]. According to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) for Clinical and Research Applications, TMJ OA was subclassified as degenerative joint disease (DJD), ICD-10 M19.91 [5]. 45.00% to 92.85%) compared to the patients with TMJ disorders (TMD) with no systemic arthritic diseases diagnosed (the prevalence of DJD ranged from 18.01% to 84.74%) [6]. The etiology of DJD is multifactorial and encompasses both the host-adaptive capacity factor, as well as mechanical factors, including TMJ overloading [3,4].
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