Orally Administered Fumonisins Affect Porcine Red Cell Membrane Sodium Pump Activity and Lipid Profile Without Apparent Oxidative Damage.

András Szabó,Tibor Bartók,Katalin Lóki,Levente Horváth,Miklós Mézes,Melinda Kovács,Krisztián Balogh,Omeralfaroug Ali

doi:10.3390/toxins12050318

Abstract

Weaned piglets (n = 3 × 6) were fed 0, 15 and 30 mg/kg diet fumonisin (FB1, FB2 and FB3, i.e., FBs, a sphinganine analogue mycotoxin), from the age of 35 days for 21 days, to assess mycotoxin induced, dose-dependent changes in the red cells’ membrane. Ouabain sensitive Na+/K+ ATPase activity was determined from lysed red cell membranes, membrane fatty acid (FA) profile was analysed, as well as antioxidant and lipid peroxidation endpoints. Final body weight was higher in the 30 mg/kg group (vs. control), even besides identical cumulative feed intake. After 3 weeks, there was a difference between control and the 30 mg/kg group in red cell membrane sodium pump activity; this change was dose-dependent (sig.: 0.036; R2 = 0.58). Membrane FA profile was strongly saturated with non-systematic inter-group differences; pooled data provided negative correlation with sodium pump activity (all individual membrane n6 FAs). Intracellular antioxidants (reduced glutathione and glutathione peroxidase) and lipid peroxidation indicators (conj. dienes, trienes and malondialdehyde) were non-responsive. We suppose a ceramide synthesis inhibitor (FB1) effect exerted onto the cell membrane, proven to be toxin dose-dependent and increasing sodium pump activity, with only indirect FA compositional correlations and lack of lipid peroxidation.

Highlights

Fumonisins are mycotoxins produced in the highest quantities by Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium proliferatum mould strains, infecting food and feed cereals.The 28 fumonisin analogues characterized since 1988 can be divided into four main groups: seriesA, B, C and P [1], from which the B analogues are toxicologically the most hazardous, fumonisin B1(FB1 ) being the most well-known and the most toxic in the latter series [2]
Based on the recent results, and the continuously increasing fumonisin burden, we aimed to study whether weaned piglets are susceptible to a graded dietary FBs exposure, testing circulating red cell membrane fatty acid (FA) composition, Na+ /K+ ATPase activity and oxidative stress indicators, after in vivo exposure
The only somatic trait that was found to be linearly related to mycotoxin dose was the final body weight (BW)

Summary

Introduction

Fumonisins are mycotoxins (fungal secondary metabolites) produced in the highest quantities by Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium proliferatum mould strains, infecting food and feed cereals.The 28 fumonisin analogues characterized since 1988 can be divided into four main groups: seriesA, B, C and P [1], from which the B analogues are toxicologically the most hazardous, fumonisin B1(FB1 ) being the most well-known and the most toxic in the latter series [2]. The 28 fumonisin analogues characterized since 1988 can be divided into four main groups: series. (FB1 ) being the most well-known and the most toxic in the latter series [2]. Toxins 2020, 12, 318 in the tested corn samples [3], representing the main farm animal feed component. Fumonisins are harmful to pigs, leading to a typical porcine toxicosis syndrome named porcine pulmonary edema. Hepatic lesions consisting of apoptosis, necrosis and hepatocyte proliferation, besides elevated serum cholesterol concentration are the further consequences. Oesophageal plaques, hyperplastic hepatic nodules and right ventricular hypertrophy were found in pigs as well [4]

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