Abstract
Oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is defined as the impact of oral health on activities of daily living. Malocclusions are a public health problem with a high prevalence. Different studies have concluded that malocclusions negatively affect OHRQoL in patients of all ages. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of having an anterior open bite on the OHRQoL of adult patients. Materials and Methods: A case-control study (1:1) was carried out with a sample size of 80 adults at the University of Salamanca in 2021. The case group (n = 40) was made up of patients with an anterior open bite, and the control group (n = 40) contained patients without an anterior open bite. OHRQoL was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire. The influences of gender and age on the OHRQoL of the patients were also analyzed. Results: There were no significant differences in gender or age between the case and control groups. An anterior open bite was not found to influence the OHRQoL of adult patients. Age was not shown to significantly influence OHRQoL. Female patients with an anterior open bite had higher scores in the handicap domain of the OHIP-14 questionnaire compared with male patients (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Anterior open bite can influence the OHRQoL of orthodontic patients. Gender can be considered an influencing factor.
Highlights
Malocclusions influence patients’ oral function and body image and cause psychological disorders [1].Anterior open bite (AOB) is a significant malocclusion in the vertical plane and is occasionally related to other malocclusions in the sagittal plane
The patients were grouped into two study groups: the control group (CG) (n = 40) and the case group (AOB-G) (n = 40)
This study evaluated the impact of the anterior open bite on the oral-health-related quality of life of adult patients in the different domains of the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire
Summary
Malocclusions influence patients’ oral function and body image and cause psychological disorders [1]. Anterior open bite (AOB) is a significant malocclusion in the vertical plane and is occasionally related to other malocclusions in the sagittal plane. It is defined as the absence of vertical contact between the upper and lower incisors when the posterior teeth are closed. The prevalence of anterior open bite varies according to patient age, ethnicity, and dentition type, ranging from 1.5% to 11% [2,3,4]. Treatment options vary depending on the age of the patient and the causative factors [5,6]
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