Oral omega-6 essential fatty acid treatment in contact lens associated dry eye

Abstract

Purpose Symptoms of dry eye are commonly reported in contact lens wearers and are a frequent cause of non-tolerance. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the effects of oral treatment with particular omega-6 fatty acids in the form of evening primrose oil (EPO) on subjective symptoms, ocular surface signs and tear film characteristic in patients with contact lens associated dry eye. Methods The study design was randomised, double-masked and placebo controlled. 76 female soft contact lens wearers were treated for 6 months with either EPO or placebo (olive oil). Subjects underwent three examinations (baseline, 3 and 6 months). At each examination subjects were given a questionnaire relating to lens comfort and dry eye symptoms and underwent a series of tests of tear film characteristics (tear meniscus height, break-up time), meibomian gland function (lipid layer thickness and quality) and ocular surface parameters (hyperaemia and staining). Results The EPO group showed a significant improvement in the specific symptom of ‘dryness’ at 3 and 6 months ( p < 0.01) and also a significant improvement in overall lens comfort at 6 months ( p < 0.01). Tear meniscus height was increased in the EPO group at 6 months relative to baseline ( p < 0.01), although all other objective signs were unchanged. Conclusion This study provides evidence for a beneficial effect of particular orally administered omega-6 fatty acids in alleviating dry eye symptoms and improving overall lens comfort in patients suffering from contact lens associated dry eye.