Abstract
ABSTRACTThe aim was to compare the oral microbial profiles in young adults with an intake of free sugars above or below the current recommendations by the WHO for sugar consumption. Seventy subjects completed a Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire to establish the proportion of free sugars in relation to the total energy intake (% E). Subjects with <5% E (n = 30) formed the low-sugar group, while those with ≥5% E (n = 40) were regarded as reference group. Saliva and plaque samples were analyzed by qPCR, and 52 of the plaque samples were assayed by HOMINGS. The HOMINGS analysis revealed a comparable core microbiota in plaque samples with Streptococcus, Leptotrichia, Actinobaculum, and Veillonella as predominant. No major differences between groups were revealed by α-diversity testing (p = 0.83), principal component analysis, or correspondence analysis. Higher relative abundance of Streptococcus sobrinus and Prevotella melaninogenica was observed in plaque samples in the reference group. By qPCR, Scardovia wiggsiae was associated with elevated sugar intake. The findings suggests that the amount of ingested sugars had a marginal influence on microbial profiles in dental plaque and saliva. However, some caries-associated species were less abundant in the dental plaque of the low sugar group.
Highlights
The Human Microbiome Project has provided insight into microbial ecology, suggesting that bacterial biofilms have co-evolved with humans and play an important role in health and well-being
It has been suggested that limiting the intake of free sugars to either
The low-sugar group consisted of 30 subjects, with free sugars constituting from 1.6% to 4.9% of the total energy intake
Summary
The Human Microbiome Project has provided insight into microbial ecology, suggesting that bacterial biofilms have co-evolved with humans and play an important role in health and well-being. The composition of the oral microbiota is thought to play an active role in the maintenance of oral health [2]. Altered salivary microbial profiles in adults with untreated caries compared to control subjects has been been shown previously [6], but less is known about the impact of sugar consumption on the composition and function of the microbiota in saliva and dental plaque. The aim of this study was to compare the oral microbial profiles in young healthy subjects with a habitual intake of free sugars below and above the recent World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines of either
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