Abstract
BackgroundDental implants have become well-established in oral rehabilitation for fully or partially edentulous patients. However, peri-implantitis often leads to the failure of dental implants. The aim of this study was to understand the core microbiome associated with peri-implantitis and evaluate potential peri-implantitis pathogens based on canine peri-implantitis model.ResultsIn this study, three beagle dogs were used to build peri-implantitis models with ligature-induced strategy. The peri-implant sulcular fluids were collected at four different phases based on disease severity during the peri-implantitis development. Microbial compositions during peri-implantitis development were monitored and evaluated. The microbes were presented with operational taxonomic unit (OTU) classified at 97% identity of the high-throughput 16S rRNA gene fragments. Microbial diversity and richness varied during peri-implantitis. At the phylum-level, Firmicutes decreased and Bacteroides increased during peri-implantitis development. At the genus-level, Peptostreptococcus decreased and Porphyromonas increased, suggesting peri-implantitis pathogens might be assigned to these two genera. Further species-level and co-occurrence network analyses identified several potential keystone species during peri-implantitis development, and some OTUs were potential peri-implantitis pathogens.ConclusionIn summary, canine peri-implantitis models help to identify several potential keystone peri-implantitis associated species. The canine model can give insight into human peri-implantitis associated microbiota.
Highlights
Dental implants have become well-established in oral rehabilitation for fully or partially edentulous patients
The results suggested a canine model can imitate human peri-implantitis, which might be useful in future human peri-implantitis therapeutic studies
In summary, we successfully established an experimental peri-implantitis animal model using ligature-induced method, and the increased severity of inflammation is consistent with the progression of the periimplantitis disease as we expected
Summary
Dental implants have become well-established in oral rehabilitation for fully or partially edentulous patients. The aim of this study was to understand the core microbiome associated with peri-implantitis and evaluate potential peri-implantitis pathogens based on canine periimplantitis model. With the development of oral technologies, dental implants are a highly successful and predictable treatment for replacing missing teeth, which can rehabilitate oral. Traditional cultured strategies provide valuable information regarding known pathogens, but limited data on unculturable species and microbiota during periimplantitis development are available. Global investigation of microbiota variation during peri-implantitis development would make it possible to identify periimplantitis associated microbiota [17, 18], and highthroughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene technology provides a wealth of data pertaining to the differences between healthy and diseased implants [19, 20]
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