Abstract
BackgroundOral microbiota may be related to pancreatic cancer risk because periodontal disease, a condition linked to multiple specific microbes, has been associated with increased risk of pancreatic cancer. We evaluated the association between oral microbiota and pancreatic cancer in Iran.MethodsA total of 273 pancreatic adenocarcinoma cases and 285 controls recruited from tertiary hospitals and a specialty clinic in Tehran, Iran provided saliva samples and filled out a questionnaire regarding demographics and lifestyle characteristics. DNA was extracted from saliva and the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was PCR amplified and sequenced on the MiSeq. The sequencing data were processed using the DADA2 plugin in QIIME 2 and taxonomy was assigned against the Human Oral Microbiome Database. Logistic regression and MiRKAT models were calculated with adjustment for potential confounders.ResultsNo association was observed for alpha diversity with an average of 91.11 (standard deviation [SD] 2.59) sequence variants for cases and 89.42 (SD 2.58) for controls. However, there was evidence for an association between beta diversity and case status. The association between the Bray‐Curtis dissimilarity and pancreatic cancer was particularly strong with a MiRKAT P‐value of .000142 and specific principal coordinate vectors had strong associations with cancer risk. Several specific taxa were also associated with case status after adjustment for multiple comparisons.ConclusionThe overall microbial community appeared to differ between pancreatic cancer cases and controls. Whether these reflect differences evident before development of pancreatic cancer will need to be evaluated in prospective studies.
Highlights
Microbes living in and on the human body, including bacteria, viruses and archaea, have the potential to impact human health and disease
Oral microbiota may be related to pancreatic cancer risk because periodontal disease, a condition linked to multiple specific microbes, has been associated with increased risk of pancreatic cancer
No associations with pancreatic cancer were detected for alpha diversity
Summary
This study was funded by the Intramural Research Program of the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, USA and the Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Bioinformatics work performed by Drs Caporaso and Bokulich was supported in part by the National Cancer Institute under the awards for the Partnership of Native American Cancer Prevention U54CA143924 (UACC) and U54CA143925 (NAU) by NSF Award 1565100 to JGC.
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