Abstract
AIM: To report the frequency of oral lesions in HIV-positive patients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART), comparing with a non-HIV infected control group, and to correlate the presence of lesions with demographic and clinical features of HIV-seropositive patients. METHODS: A quantitative case-control study was conducted by a dental professional, using a questionnaire, analysis of medical records of patients and clinical examinations. RESULTS: According to the results, oral lesions were found in 23% of HIV-positive patients versus 5% in controls. Candidiasis (29%) and periodontal changes (25%) were the most frequent oral lesions found in these patients. Gender and viral load values were statistically significant when HIV-positive patients with and without oral lesions were compared. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed a change in lesion pattern of HIV patients on HAART, highlighting a high frequency of these new lesions and reinforcing the need for periodic dental evaluation of HIV-positive patients.
Highlights
AIDS has been a serious worldwide public health threat, with a global prevalence in 2010 of about 34 million and an overall number of AIDS-related deaths of 1.8 million of people
In the state of Paraná, Southern Brazil, 32,273 cases were reported in the same period, with an incidence of 19/100,000 inhabitants
The aims of this study are to report the frequency of oral lesions in HIV patients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART), compared with a non-HIV infected control group and correlate the lesion with demographic and clinical features of HIV-seropositive patients
Summary
AIDS has been a serious worldwide public health threat, with a global prevalence in 2010 of about 34 million and an overall number of AIDS-related deaths of 1.8 million of people. In Brazil up to the end of 2011, 608,200 cases were notified, 397,662 (65.4%) in males and 210,538 (34.6%) in females. According to the Brazilian Ministry of Health, the prevalence of the disease in 2011 remained stable at around 0.6%, while the incidence was 17.9/100,000 inhabitants. In the state of Paraná, Southern Brazil, 32,273 cases were reported in the same period, with an incidence of 19/100,000 inhabitants. The Southern region ranks third in the number of AIDS cases in Brazil, with 21.1% of cases, after the Southeast (38.2%) and Northeast (21.7%). This is the region where the largest number of new cases were detected in 2009, with a detection rate of 12.6/100,000 inhabitants[1]
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