Abstract
Objective: To assess the oral health status of public school students of Sao Francisco do Conde, Bahia. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical–comparative study with 350 children aged 7-12 years of both sexes. Oral health was analyzed using indicators recommended by WHO: soft tissue condition, DMFT, dmft, CPI, dental fluorosis, and DAI, and analysis of dental care, salivary examinations, chronology of eruption of permanent teeth, frequency of tooth brushing and visits to the dentist. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and statistical tests –t-Student, χ2, Fisher exact test, ANOVA, Tamhane and F Levene. Results: dmft and DMFT values of 1.45 and 0.53 were found, respectively. Among black (49.4%) and brown students (49.1%), 72.5 % had mixed dentition, 0.3% deciduous, and expected chronology of eruption of permanent teeth in 70.6 %, 56.3 % reported experiencing caries, 38.3% of children had fluorosis, 96.9% of individuals with normal saliva buffer capacity, while 23.2% had reduced salivary flow. CPI in children aged 12 years found that 79 % had healthy periodontium, no bleeding or presence of calculus. In relation to DAI, 21.1 % of children had normal or slightly altered occlusion and 71.5 % had some degree of malocclusion. Only 14.6 % of the sample reported not having had any contact with dentist and 38.6 % reported brushing their teeth three times a day or more. Conclusion: The oral health pattern of schoolchildren is satisfactory, requiring particular care with occlusion. The effectiveness of the results of this epidemiological survey allowed the adequacy of public policy actions on oral health in the municipality in which orthodontics service in the public network will be established.
Highlights
Dentistry in Brazil has experienced great scientific and technological advancement though dental caries, followed by periodontal disease continue to affect a relevant part of the population, families of children belonging to social groups with low purchasing power, with serious impacts on health and education, where early loss of deciduous and permanent teeth culminates in edentulous adolescents or with poorly positioned teeth committing self-esteem and social life
The oral health indicators reported in the epidemiological survey - SB Brasil 2010 [3] point to a reduction in the DMFT from 2.8 to 2.1 [3] at 12 years of age, reflecting the benefits due to the increased exposure of people to fluoride in its various forms of application, to higher emphasis on health promotion activities, improvement of the quality of life and health conditions, and to changes in diagnostic criteria for dental caries [2]
In addition the sheet recommended for epidemiological studies, as the model of WHO [6], consisting of identification, physical examination and records concerning intraoral clinical examination, the previously tested sheet adopted by the “Projeto SB Brasil 2010” Field Team [3] was used as a tool for collecting dental data, considering the presence of white spots and fluorosis, DMFT, dmft, determining the Community Periodontal Index- CPI in children aged 12 years, the Dental Aesthetic Index - DAI, added of the previously validated items: "salivary conditions”, “saliva buffering capacity”, “chronology of eruption of permanent teeth”, “frequency of tooth brushing” and “visits to the dentist”
Summary
Dentistry in Brazil has experienced great scientific and technological advancement though dental caries, followed by periodontal disease continue to affect a relevant part of the population, families of children belonging to social groups with low purchasing power, with serious impacts on health and education, where early loss of deciduous and permanent teeth culminates in edentulous adolescents or with poorly positioned teeth committing self-esteem and social life. The oral health indicators reported in the epidemiological survey - SB Brasil 2010 [3] point to a reduction in the DMFT from 2.8 to 2.1 [3] at 12 years of age, reflecting the benefits due to the increased exposure of people to fluoride in its various forms of application, to higher emphasis on health promotion activities, improvement of the quality of life and health conditions, and to changes in diagnostic criteria for dental caries [2] Other indicators such as the Social Development Index (SDI) and the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) are used as an international reference in the reflection of the health development conditions of a given population [4]. The importance of determining the oral health status of school children aged between 7 and 12 years, in northeastern Brazil, taking as reference
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