Oral health related quality of life among pregnant women: a randomized controlled trial.

Marta Liliana Musskopf,Cassiano Kuchenbecker Rösing,Tiago Fiorini,Fernanda Carpes Milanesi,Patricia Weidlich,Carlos Heitor Cunha Moreira,Rui Vicente Oppermann,José Mariano Da Rocha,Cristiano Susin

doi:10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0002

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to compare negative impacts of oral conditions in Oral Heath Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) assessed by the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) scores in pregnant women receiving or not comprehensive periodontal treatment. This randomized controlled clinical trial included pregnant women aged between 18 and 35 years old. Participants were randomized in a test group with 96 and a control group with 114 women. Patients in the test group received comprehensive periodontal treatment, supra and subgingival scaling and root-planning and periodontal maintenance appointments. The OHIP-14 was applied before and after treatment. The primary outcome was changes in OHIP-14 scores after follow-up period. The impact of having received or not comprehensive periodontal treatment on the change of the OHIP-14 scores was also investigated. Both groups showed significant reduction in OHIP-14 scores and effect size for the test group was 0.60 and 0.36 for the control group. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that participants of the control group had 5.9-fold odds (CI 95% 1.88-18.52) of worsening in OHIP-14 scores and their perception of oral conditions in relation to test group. Comprehensive periodontal treatment during pregnancy can reduce the negative impacts in OHRQoL.

Highlights

The purpose of the present study was to compare the negative impacts of oral conditions in Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in pregnant women receiving or not comprehensive periodontal treatment, recognizing the importance of the patient’s perception of the treatment results, the impact that clinical results have on everyday life and if the treatment is able to reduce the negative impacts of a disease
Participants who did not receive comprehensive periodontal therapy had almost six times more chance to present worsening in Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) scores during pregnancy
OHIP14 scores after comprehensive nonsurgical periodontal therapy were significantly lower than those associated with the treatment protocol provided to the control group (CG)

Summary

Introduction

Submitted: July 11, 2017 Accepted for publication: Nov 11, 017 Last revision: Dec 05, 2017Pregnancy is a period which physical, hormonal, and emotional changes occurs in women’s health status, having notable impact in quality of life.[1,2,3] The oral environment undergoes a series of changes during pregnancy.[4,5,6] The most significant changes concerns to pregnancy-associated periodontal diseases, exacerbated by hormonal variations of pregnancy.[7,8,9,10] The common signs and symptoms of gingival inflammation, such as bleeding, redness, and swelling, are more prominent during pregnancy.[11]. Studies have generally shown that perceived OHRQoL is lower in patients with periodontal disease than in healthy people.[12,13,14]

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