Oral Health in Women With Coronary Heart Disease

Abstract

Over the last few decades, oral diseases including periodontitis, have been discussed as a possible risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to compare the oral health of age-matched women with or without coronary heart disease (CHD). A total of 143 consecutive women, aged 43 to 79 years, with diagnosed CHD underwent a thorough dental examination including a panoramic radiograph and were compared to 50 women, aged 45 to 77 years without CHD. The number of remaining teeth and pathological periodontal pockets (> or =4 mm) between the groups differed. The women with CHD had 18.9 +/- 8.5 remaining teeth versus 23.4 +/- 6.3 teeth in the control group (P < 0.001). The CHD group had more pathological periodontal pockets compared to the controls, 14.2 +/- 12.4 versus 9.6 +/- 13.3 (P = 0.002), respectively. The mean marginal bone level assessed on radiographs was the same in both groups, while the number of vertical bone defects differed (P = 0.022). Dentures were more frequent in the CHD group than in the controls (27% versus 6%, P = 0.022), as was edentulousness, 10.5% versus 0% (P = 0.017), respectively. Multiple regression analysis adjusted for age, smoking, body mass index (BMI), diabetes, education, and place of birth showed a relation between the number of periodontal pockets and CHD with an odds ratio (OR) of 3.8 (1.68 to 8.74), and a tendency between dentures and CHD, with an OR of 4.6 (0.99 to 21.28). This study indicates that women with CHD have worse oral health than those in a comparable group with no history of CHD.