Abstract
ABSTRACT: Several studies, mainly in vitro, have shown that chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GlcN) do have chondro protective and anti-inflammatory actions. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether oral CS/GlcN supplementation has effects on the CS, hyaluronic acid (HA) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentrations on synovial fluid of equine osteoarthritic joints. Horses with mild osteoarthritis (OA) in tibiotarsal joint received daily PO doses of CS and GlcN (2.8/3.1 g) for 25 days. Synovial fluid (SF) and urine samples were collected before treatment (day 0), and every 7 days, until day 55 (30 days after the end of treatment). Urinary CS increased upon oral treatment, indicating that this compound was systemically distributed. Concerning the SF, CS concentration increased after the end of the treatment and returning to baseline afterwards, while HA and PGE2 concentrations did not change. Despite the systemic distribution, oral supplementation of CS/GlcNfor 25 days was insufficient as an anti-inflammatory support. However, it is possible to infer that there was an anabolic effect upon cartilage matrix.
Highlights
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) remain the treatment of choice for most cases of equine lameness, because of the undisputable analgesic effect of many of these drugs
Others clinical signs of osteoarthritis were not observed at the beginning of the trial and the physical exams did not change after chondroitin sulfate (CS)+GlcN administration
According RODGERS (2006) sustained oral dosing of CS may result in significantly higher measurable joint levels that would correlate with the beneficial effects on cartilage seen in the in vitro studies
Summary
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) remain the treatment of choice for most cases of equine lameness, because of the undisputable analgesic effect of many of these drugs. In cases of chronic pain, such as osteoarthritis (OA), wherein the equine patient requires ongoing, daily pharmaceutical support to maintain functionality and quality of life, the use of NSAIDs is limited by its potential side effects, which may include gastric ulceration and renal functions changes (REED et al, 2006; RAIDAL et al, 2014). This led to the development of “alternative” or “complementary” treatments for chronic cases. The PAAG is used with promising results, which studies showed alleviates lameness and joint effusion in osteoarthritic horse joints (TNIBAR et al, 2015); this treatment requires further investigation
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