Oral function of implant-assisted removable partial dentures with magnetic attachments using short implants: A prospective study.

Abstract

This prospective study aimed to compare the oral functions of removable partial dentures (RPDs) with those of implant-assisted removable partial dentures (IARPDs) with short implants and magnetic attachments in patients with mandibular Kennedy class I and II. Thirty participants with mandibular Kennedy class I or II and at least three distal missing teeth were recruited. Oral functions, including mixing ability, comminuting ability, maximum bite force, and occlusal contact area, were assessed for RPDs (stage 0), IARPDs with healing caps (stage 1), and IARPDs with magnetic attachments (stage 2). The implants were loaded with occlusal force in stages 1 and 2. Finally, the data of the 27 participants who completed the evaluation at stage 2 were analyzed. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test with Bonferroni correction was used to assess the differences in the oral functions among the different stages. The implant survival rate was 93.8%. There were significant differences in the comminuting ability and occlusal contact area between stages 0 and 2 (p< .001 and p= .036, respectively) and stages 1 and 2 (p= .003 and p= .015, respectively). Regarding the maximum bite force, there was a significant difference between stages 1 and 2 (p= .018). However, there was no significant difference in the mixing ability between the three stages. Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that IARPDs in the mandible with short implants and magnetic attachments may improve oral functions.