Abstract
AimTo determine the prevalence of various malignant oral lesions in the UAE and correlate cases of squamous cell carcinomas with age, gender, site, grade, clinical presentations at the time of diagnosis, and the prevalence of neck metastasis.Materials and methodsA multicenter, retrospective study was conducted at four major hospitals in the UAE. The study was based on histopathology reports of biopsies of oral tissues.ResultsOf the 992 oral biopsy reports retrieved, 147 cases of malignant tumors were found which accounted for 14.9% of the total biopsies. Fifteen different types of malignant lesions were diagnosed, of which oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was the most prevalent and made up 11.4% of the overall oral biopsies retrieved. The commonest presentation of cancer was ulceration (31.17%), followed by lumps and white lesions. The most common site where the lesions were diagnosed was the tongue (51.9%), followed by the cheeks and lips. OSCC accounted for 77% of all malignancies reported. Neck dissections were conducted in only 20.8% of all OSCC cases diagnosed at Mafraq and Tawam hospitals, of which 43.75% showed evidence of neck metastasis.ConclusionOral cancer is not an uncommon disease in the UAE. This may mandate more awareness campaigning, including screening procedures for early detection of cancerous lesions and other potentially malignant oral diseases. Elective neck dissections to detect lymph node metastasis should be more routinely performed, in particular for tongue carcinomas because of the early neck involvement potential.
Highlights
This study aims to determine the prevalence of various malignant oral lesions in the UAE, to correlate cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with age, gender, site, grade, clinical presentation, and neck metastasis identified
Of the 992 oral lesions biopsied in the specified time periods at the four hospitals, a total of 147 malignancies pertaining to the oral cavity were identified
The incidence of malignant neoplasms varies from one country to another, which can be explained by the difference in the distribution of the risk factors and the possible etiologies
Summary
To determine the prevalence of various malignant oral lesions in the UAE and correlate cases of squamous cell carcinomas with age, gender, site, grade, clinical presentations at the time of diagnosis, and the prevalence of neck metastasis. This study aims to determine the prevalence of various malignant oral lesions in the UAE, to correlate cases of OSCC with age, gender, site, grade, clinical presentation, and neck metastasis identified
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