Abstract
BackgroundIn Poland, the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases is increasing. This might be associated with the constantly growing proportion of elderly people and inappropriate cardiovascular prevention. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of use of oral antiplatelet (OAP) and oral anticoagulant (OAC) drugs among older people in Poland and to assess their association with cardiovascular risk factors.MethodsThe study was based on data collected during the implementation of a multicentre, publicly funded research project called PolSenior.ResultsThe study group consisted of 4,979 people with the average age of 79.35 ± 8.69 years. Among them, 1,787 people (35.9%) used at least one drug in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. OAPs were used regularly by 1,648 (33.1%) elderly people and OACs were used by 165 elderly people (3.3%). Acetylsalicylic acid was used by 32.2% of elderly people. Use of drugs significantly depended on age (p < 0.01), sex (p < 0.01), place of residence (p < 0.001), level of education (p < 0.0001) and personal income (p < 0.0001). Among all the respondents treated with OAPs, therapy was applied as secondary cardiovascular prevention in 717 respondents (43.5%), and as primary prevention in 705 respondents (42.8%). Among the respondents treated with OACs, 117 (71%) elderly people had a history of atrial fibrillation. Secondary cardiovascular prevention should be considered in a further 482 respondents (15.1% of untreated elderly people), and primary cardiovascular prevention in 1,447 respondents (45.3%).ConclusionsOur study is the first to determine the frequency of use of OAP and OAC drugs among elderly people in Poland in relation to cardiovascular risk factors. The most commonly used drug for cardiovascular prevention is acetylsalicylic acid, but it appears that it is used too rarely in high-risk patients. Educational programs should be developed among general practitioners concerning current recommendations for pharmacological cardiovascular prevention.
Highlights
In Poland, the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases is increasing
Other oral antiplatelet (OAP) drugs are recommended to people with contraindications to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) [9]
Our results showed that only 13% of the examined people with atrial fibrillation had used oral anticoagulant (OAC), and slightly more than 40% used OAPs
Summary
In Poland, the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases is increasing. This might be associated with the constantly growing proportion of elderly people and inappropriate cardiovascular prevention. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of use of oral antiplatelet (OAP) and oral anticoagulant (OAC) drugs among older people in Poland and to assess their association with cardiovascular risk factors. The incidence of stroke, as well as myocardial infarction, increases dramatically with age, and age is the strongest risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The most popular drugs used worldwide in prevention of cardiovascular incidents are antiplatelet agents. One of these agents is acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), registered in 1897 by Felix Hoffman as aspirin [4]. Other oral antiplatelet (OAP) drugs are recommended to people with contraindications to ASA (e.g., ticlopidine, clopidogrel, and dipyridamole) [9]
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