Abstract
Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary, monogenic blood disease characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia and vasoconstricting phenomena leading to acute painful crises and chronic and progressive tissue damage. It is the most common disease among hemoglobinopathies in Brazil and worldwide. The disease originated in Africa and was brought to the Americas by the forced immigration of slaves. Sickle cell patients have clinical conditions that can be intensified during dental treatment by precipitating vasoconstrictive seizures. In this clinical case, paleness was detected in the buccal buccal and the tongue despapilada. In the intra-oral radiographic examinations, areas suggestive of bone sclerosis and radiolucent areas between the root apices were found. Maxillary protrusion due to medullary expansion was found in lateral cephaladiography. In scintigraphy and magnetic resonance imaging, areas corresponding to bone infarcts and osteonecrosis were found. The dental surgeon performs an important function, being able to diagnose the oral manifestations through clinical and/or radiographic examination. By acting preventively, we can reduce the complications and improve the quality of lives of these patients.
Highlights
Sickle cell anemia is an inherited blood disease characterized by abnormal red blood cells caused by a genetic mutation of the hemoglobin A (HbA) molecule, which is renamed as hemoglobin S (HbS) [1].Under conditions of hypoxia, dehydration, physical exhaustion, and acidosis, the mutant molecules deform and undergo polymerization, with falcization of the red blood cells; the “sickle cell” name
Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary, monogenic blood disease characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia and vasoconstricting phenomena leading to acute painful crises and chronic and progressive tissue damage
Sickle cell disease (SCD) includes a group of genetic disorders characterized by the predominance of hemoglobin S (Hb S)
Summary
Sickle cell anemia is an inherited blood disease characterized by abnormal red blood cells caused by a genetic mutation of the hemoglobin A (HbA) molecule, which is renamed as hemoglobin S (HbS) [1]. Clinical case report A 47-year-old female patient with melanoderma sought dental treatment and required periapical radiography of mandibular and periapical molars from tooth 25 These radiographs were performed on the Sirona Heliodent Plus Digital Dental X-ray apparatus using the following exposure factors: 60Kv, 0.6 mA, t: 0.64s. A panoramic radiograph (77Kv, 10mA, t: 15.1s) was performed as routine examination and a lateral teleradiography (70 Kv, 12 mA, t: 1s) was performed on a Kodak 9000 digital CCD In these tests, suggestive radiopaque areas were observed indicating bone sclerosis or neoformation of bone, as well as radiolucent areas between the apexes of the teeth and the lower border of the mandible. The magnetic resonance imaging of the left shoulder was performed without contrast and a bone discontinuity line was observed This discontinuity line showed a predominantly transverse pathway, with irregular contours, affecting the greater tuberosity of the humeral head.
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