Abstract
Commercial sunscreens contain cosmetic preservatives which could exert phototoxic effect when exposed to sunlight. Natural sources such as resveratrol has gain attention in cosmetic world as it has higher antioxidant capacity than vitamin C and E. Resveratrol also possesses strong anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-aging properties. It also has proven to reduce epidermal hyperplasia and skin thickness. The aim of the study was to evaluate ameliorative effect of resveratrol in reducing epidermal hyperplasia of mouse skin exposed to UVB irradiation. Eighteen female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group (n=6), without UVB irradiation and resveratrol administration; UVB exposure group (n=6), irradiated with UVB dose of 250 mJ/cm2 for 3 minutes; and treatment group (n=6), irradiated with UVB and treated with 0.02 ml of 200 mg/kg of resveratrol by oral gavage. Treatment was given for 14 days and UVB exposure was given on day 9, 11, 13. On day 15, skin morphology was observed and skinfold thickness was measured to evaluate edema. The mice were then sacrificed to obtain dorsal part of skin for histopathological observation using Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stain. Resveratrol reduced skin scaling and erythema in UVB induced mice. Skinfold thickness of resveratrol decreased significantly (p=0.001) as compared to UVB irradiated group. H&E staining showed that resveratrol group reduced leukocyte infiltration and epidermal hyperplasia as compared to UVB exposure group. Hence, oral resveratrol was able to reduce skin thickness and epidermal hyperplasia and it has the potential to be developed as a natural alternative for photoprotection.
Highlights
Skin is the largest and outermost organ which protects the internal organs of the body by acting as a shield against environmental carcinogens and xenobiotic agents (D’Orazio et al, 2013)
The aim of the study was to evaluate the ameliorative effect of resveratrol in reducing epidermal hyperplasia of mouse skin exposed to UVB irradiation
Mice in the UVB exposure group responded to strong erythema, hardening, and thickening of the skin as compared with mice in the vehicle control group
Summary
Skin is the largest and outermost organ which protects the internal organs of the body by acting as a shield against environmental carcinogens and xenobiotic agents (D’Orazio et al, 2013). The skin is more likely to be exposed to oxidative stress due to environmental insults which include UV radiation or pollution. It can be the consequences of any specific impairment in antioxidant status resulting from pathological or aging condition (Soeur et al, 2015). One of the mandatory strategies to prevent UVB exposure on the skin is to use sunscreens. These commercial sunscreens contain preservatives such as parabens which supposedly to Nagapan et al / Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 8 (10); 2018: 047-052 increase the half-life and prevent microbial contamination (Rodford, 1997; Sambandan and Ratner, 2011). Researchers discovered methylparaben was able to induce oxidative stress, nitric oxide production, cellular lipid peroxidation, and cell death (Handa et al, 2006)
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