Oral acute toxicity study of nano herbal Sikkam leaves (Bischofia javanica)

Abstract

Challenges of the medicinal plant agribusiness is free trade. Free trade demands the availability of quality and sustainable products. Improving medicinal plant preparations into nano-extracted forms is a promising method. Furthermore, the use of medicinal plants has a significant impact on plant biodiversity and the sustainability of the environment. Bischofia javanica (Sikkam), an edible tree with potentially beneficial medicinal properties, contains important medicinal ingredients. The purpose of this study was to determine the acute toxicity (LD50 and LC50) of nano herbal sikkam leaves and their effect on the weight and histopathology of organ. Nano herbal sikkam leaves were created using planetary ball milling (PBM). The Thomson-Weil formula was used to calculate the LD50 over 14 days. The brine shrimp lethality test method was used to determine the LC50 at various concentrations. The LD50 value was 12.6 g/KgBW ± 0.17, the LC50 value was 3179.926 ppm (classified mildly toxic). Only the weight of the heart and lung were significantly affected by nano herbal sikkam leaves (p< 0.05). In addition, there were pathological changes in the liver, lungs, brain, kidney, and heart. This study provides the safe use of nano herbal sikkam leaves and improves the function of the organs.